What makes for a strong magician

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Quinte Mite
First time poster. I love the Bartimaeus sequence (my favourite books) and was curious about a few things.
1. Why are some magicians more powerful than others?
2. Is there a limit to the number of spirits a magician could summon, it seems that summons are physically demanding to do so but is maintaining the summons also draining?
3. In Ptolemy's gate when Kitty first summoned Bartimaeus and mentions Ptolemy, Ptolemy seems to possess Bartimaeus and perform magic that Bartimaeus shouldn’t be able to do in his weakened and bound state, how is that possible?
4. Are there viable alternatives to using summoning magic and do you think magicians might start using them?

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